Working Principle and Characteristics of Piston Pump in High Pressure Washer

The piston pump moves forward and backward through a fixed seal. The piston pump relies on the reciprocating motion of the piston to make the working volume of the pump chamber change periodically, so as to realize the suction and discharge of liquid. The plunger pump seal is installed on the plunger through a smooth cylinder wall. It mainly uses the plunger to reciprocate in the pump cylinder. The piston pump moves forward and backward through a fixed seal. The piston pump relies on the reciprocating motion of the piston, and the high-pressure cleaning machine makes the working volume of the pump chamber change periodically, realizing the suction and discharge of liquid. The seal of the plunger pump is installed on the plunger through a smooth cylinder wall. It is mainly a pump that uses the plunger to and fro move in the pump cylinder body to change the volume between the plunger and the pump wall, repeatedly inhale and discharge liquid and increase its pressure. Plunger pump generally has better initial use characteristics. Its advantages are high rated pressure, compact structure, high efficiency, convenient flow adjustment, etc., but its disadvantages are that it cannot operate at too high pressure and its service life is short.

The water capacity of the pump depends on the running speed of the pump, and the pump must make the same amount of water enter and exit. The water flow parameter of the piston pump is stable, which means that the water flow sprayed out under different pressures of the equipment is constant. Therefore, if the nozzle or high-pressure pipe is blocked, the high-pressure pump will bear too much pressure. Therefore, devices such as pressure relief valves must be installed in the equipment system.

The reason why the high-pressure washer is prone to failure is usually not the pump, but the pump failure is generally caused by the wear of components or parts, such as the wear of nozzle seals. It is one of the main reasons for the failure of the pump in the early use stage. Generally speaking, it is because the diameter of the inlet pipe is too small or the water supply is insufficient, which leads to insufficient water entering the pump, causing cavitation in the pump. Cavitation causes small explosion of the gas mixed in the water, resulting in overpressure damage, causing piston surface wear.

Seals used in high-pressure cleaning equipment

Seals used in water operated high-pressure cleaning equipment are expected to meet increasing requirements.

In the past, these seals were derived from oil pressure equipment. Typically, radial shaft seals are used to seal the gearbox. However, these seals are difficult to meet the increasing demand, such as suction operation and hot water operation, and their service life is obviously short. In addition, there is a risk of damage when water enters the oil through the seal, and the plunger is easy to be damaged if the seal is too hard.

Considering these problems, we developed a new water pump plunger sealing system. The front ring with a special shape allows suction operation, and the additional sealing lip on the gearbox seal prevents water seepage damage. The pump failure caused by clamping the plunger is reliably avoided. It can be easily controlled even under extreme pressure changes, high temperatures and lack of lubrication. High pressure cleaners equipped with water pump seals perform the most demanding cleaning tasks.